"It is possible to appraise the construct validity of a test interpretation without considering test use so long as no use is intended. As soon as a use is specified, then the validity investigation, including analysis of effects, must be tailored to the particular application."

"The issue facing us now is not whether educators and policymakers should be concerned about the effects of using results from a particular assessment in a given situation. The question is whether the investigation of possible consequences of administering and using an assessment should be defined as an integral part of the validation plan. For many, the issue is whether validation is to be regarded as a scientific, empirical enterprise or a sociopolitical process as well."